The two best defined syndromes are Lynch syndrome (LS) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Studying these groups on regular cancer surveillance provides insight into the tumor biology, potential avenues for prevention, and their effectiveness. In this article, we will review some of the lessons that can be learned from these conditions which may afford opportunities for cancer prevention.
Conclusions
Hereditary syndromes provide an opportunity to study early precancer evolution surveillance and interventions to prevent cancer. Understanding genotype and phenotype in colorectal cancer susceptibility syndromes allows for customized clinical trials in preventive medicine to be highly effective in their outcomes.
The increasing knowledge of precancer lesions and their biology may aid novel strategies for individualized prevention. It is essential to consider the adverse effects of such interventions when weighed against quality of life, particularly considering the age at which medication may begin.
Exciting advancements are being made in the field of cancer vaccination against LS colorectal cancer, however until trials show their validity the recommended surveillance protocols must be upheld. Extrapolating information from these hereditary colorectal cancer studies can also help pinpoint how certain sporadic cancers evolve and offer opportunities for cancer prevention.
Lynch Syndrome Ireland 